Swing check valves are essential components designed to prevent backflow in piping systems, ensuring fluid flows in one direction only. The mechanism of these valves includes a hinged disc that swings open when the flow is in the correct direction, allowing fluid passage, and closes to prevent reverse flow and potential damage to equipment. This design effectively reduces pressure surges and minimizes the risk of system damage caused by backflow. Swing check valves are available in various materials and configurations to suit different applications, including water systems, oil and gas pipelines, and industrial processes.